Jesus Christ: The Importance of his Miracles Essay examples -- Religio

Mars Curiosity Rover is Uncovering Martian History

Mars Curiosity Rover is Uncovering Martian History Consistently a mechanical meanderer about the size of a little vehicle awakens and makes its best course of action over the outside of Mars. Its called the Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory meanderer, investigating around Mount Sharp at the focal point of Gale Crater (an antiquated effect site)â on the Red Planet. Its one of two working wanderers on the Red Planet. The other is the Opportunity meanderer, roosted on the west edge of Endeavor Crater. The Mars Exploration Rover Spirit quit working and is currently quiet following quite a while of investigation all alone. Every year, Curiositys science group praises another full Martian year of investigation. A Mars year is longer than an Earth year, approximately 687 Earth days, and Curiosity has been carrying out its responsibility since August 6, 2012. It has been a groundbreaking time, uncovering stunning new data about Earths neighbor in the close planetary system. Planetary researchers and future Mars crucial areâ interested in conditions on the planet, especially its capacity to help life. The Search for Martian Water One of the most significant inquiries the Curiosity (and other) missions needs to answer is: what is the historical backdrop of water on Mars? Curiositys instruments and cameras were intended to help answer that. It was fitting at that point, that one of Curiositys first revelations was an old riverbed running underneath the wanderers arrival site. Not far away, at a region known as Yellowknife Bay, the wanderer dove into two chunks of mudstone (rock framed from mud)â and examined tests. The thought was to search for tenable zones for basic living things. The examination gave a distinct indeed, this could have been a spot friendly to life answer. Investigation of the mudstone tests indicated that they were once at the base of a lake loaded up with water wealthy in supplements. That is the sort of spot where life could have shaped and prospered on the early Earth. On the off chance that Mars had living beings, this would have been a decent home for them, as well.â Where Did the Water Go? One inquiry that keeps coming up is, If Mars had a ton of water previously, where did everything go? The appropriate responses recommend a scope of spots, from solidified underground repositories to the ice tops. Studies by the MAVEN rocket circling the planet firmly bolster the possibility that some scene of water misfortune to spaceâ occurred. This changed the planets climate. Curiosity has estimated different gases in the Martian atmosphereâ and has helped Mars researchers make sense of that a significant part of the early air (which was presumably wetter than now) disappeared to space. Later examinations have uncovered underground ice on Mars, and potentially salty meltwater just underneath the surface in some areas.â Rocks recount to an entrancing story of Mars water. Curiosityâ has decided of the periods of Martian rocks, and to what extent a stone has been presented to unsafe radiation. Shakes in direct contact with water in the past inform researchers more insights about waters job on Mars. The central issue: when watered stream unreservedly across Mars is as yet unanswered, yet Curiosity is giving information to help answer it soon. Curiosityâ has additionally returned significant data about radiation levels on the Martian surface, which would be significant for guaranteeing the wellbeing of future Mars settlers. Future outings go fromâ one-way missionsâ to long haul missions that send and return different teams to and from the Red Planet. Curiositys Future Curiosityâ is as yet running solid, notwithstanding some harm to one its wheels. That has driven colleagues and shuttle controllers to devise new investigation courses to suit the problem.The strategic one more advance to the possible human investigation of Mars. Similarly as with our investigation of Earth over the previous hundreds of years - utilizing advance scoutsâ -this crucial others, similar to the MAVENmission and Indias Mars Orbiter Mission are sending back important word about the region ahead, and what our first pilgrims will discover.

How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football

How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football? How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football?Plus: How many work hours a week do people spend on their fantasy teamsâ€"and what percentage of players pay fellow league members to help them cheat?!With nearly 75 million people playing fantasy football all across the US, sometimes it’s hard to tell what folks like more: Watching actual football games or trying to crush their friends in fantasy.But playing fantasy football isn’t just about the sweetness of victory for most people, theres also the chance to win some sweet cash. So as fantasy football leagues across the country hold draft parties and gear up for their season, we wanted to know just how much money people are spendingâ€"and winningâ€"by playing fantasy. That’s why we conducted a survey of over 600 fantasy football players nationwide to get the skinny on how much they are paying to play.Our results found that people are mostly spending responsibly when it comes to fantasy football, with a median league buy-in of $50. O f course, responsible spending also means less exciting prizes, as players reported a median first place prize of only $350. Sure that’s nothing to sniff at, but it might just indicate that money is not the primary motivating factor behind playing. $350 won’t last you long while bragging rights last a full calendar year.Of course, for most fantasy football players, playing in a league means losing money. And for the vast majority of business owners, having employees that play fantasy football means losing money to unproductive work hours. To wit: A whopping 96.6 percent of fantasy football players surveyed said they spent time at their job working on their fantasy team, with a reported average of 6.9 work hours spent on their team per week. That’s almost a full workday lost!Check our survey results in the infographic below, then keep scrolling for some additional breakdowns, including a fun little behind-the-scenes story that led to our most surprising answer (click image to e xpand)How much do league members pay to play?In most leagues, players have to offer a buy-in in order to participate. The winner of the league then collects most of that pot at season’s end. Oftentimes, the second place finisher is also awarded a portion of the pot, while the third place winner is rewarded with having their buy-in returned to them. The size of the pot is determined by the size of the buy-in and the size of the league itself.When it comes to the average dollar amounts for buy-ins and payouts, plus the average number of members in each league, our survey results broke down as follows :Median number of people in a league: 12Median buy-in: $50Median first place: $350Median second place: $150Median third place: $50If you and your friends want to play fantasy football but you dont have a ton of spare cash, no worries! Restructuring your league fees is one of the ways you can play fantasy football without breaking the bank. For more, check our recent blog post,How to Cro wn a Fantasy Football Winner on the Cheap.Fantasy football drafts can be spendy affairs.While some fantasy football leagues simply hold an online draft, many others consider the draft to be an excuse to get together and party. Some go really all-out with it, but even the more modest drafts can be quite the affair. As such, league members will usually all pitch in money to fund the draft party as well as spend some additional dollars on their own food, drink, and transportation.According to our survey results, the average amount that each fantasy football player spent on their league’s draft party was $131. Adding in a $50 buy-in, the average cost of participating in a league is already at over $180â€"and the season hasn’t even started! Still, most of the costs with a league come up front, and the months of enjoyment that league members can get for their participation make it a pretty efficient spend.Players should rethink their draft strategy.There are currently so many fantasy football heads out there cranking out quality content that it can be totally overwhelming to try and settle on a strategy. Still, there is one thing that pretty much every expert agrees on: Don’t draft a quarterback first.The reasoning is simple. There are a lot of quarterbacks in the NFL putting up great stats, and there is only one starting quarterback slot on each fantasy team. Meanwhile, there are far fewer running backs with huge fantasy numbers and, besides, there are two running back and wide receiver slots on each team. Aiming for top running backs and receivers will put you at a far greater advantage than targeting a great QB.And yet, here were the results when we asked players which position they drafted first:56 percent pick a Quarterback first25 percent pick a Running Back first10 percent pick a Wide Receiver first3 percent  pick Defense/Special Teams first4 percent  pick a Kicker first2 percent pick a Tight End firstYikes. If you are serious about winning your fantasy league’s potâ€"or at least getting your buy-in back by finishing thirdâ€"then you seriously need to avoid drafting a quarterback in the first round. On this blog, we talk a lot about how people need a strategy if they want to take control of their finances, and the same goes for playing fantasy football … but a strategy that involves picking QB first is probably not a strategy worth following.Oh, and if you are part of the seven percent of players who drafted a defense/special teams or a kicker first, just go ahead and set your money on fire. Thanks.Punishments for finishing last weren’t too sadistic.The punishment for finishing last in your fantasy football league is a pretty good measure of what kinds of friends/coworkers you’ve managed to surround yourself with. Healthy competition is nice, but overly cruel or unusual punishments for last-place may be a sign that you should get some new friends or start applying for new jobs.Luckily, most of the punishments from our surv ey respondents were pretty normal stuff. Common punishments included:Buying drinks or a meal for everyone elseHosting and paying for a Super Bowl partyDisplaying a loser trophy of some kindWearing a rival team’s jerseySome respondents, however, reported forcing the loser to get a tattoo of the winner’s choosing. Wow. If this is the punishment chosen for the loser of your league, then we wish you luck. Seriously.A lot of workers spend A LOT of work hours on their fantasy teams.Having an office fantasy football league can be a great way to build camaraderie amongst coworkers. Unfortunately, it can also be a fantastic way to lose a lot of man-hours to your employees working on their teams instead of, well, their actual work.96.6 percent of fantasy football players who responded to our survey reported that they spend time at their job working on their fantasy football team. They also reported how much time they spend working on their team: An average of  6.9 hours per week.Given tha t the average workday is eight hours long, that means that the average player is spending  almost an entire working day per week on fantasy football. On the other hand, coworkers are also potentially getting extremely upset at each other over bad trades, close losses, and general tomfoolery … so really it’s a win-win?And what if one of those players turns out to be a big ol’ rotten cheater? What will happen to office morale then? You might think this isn’t a problem in your league, but judging by our survey results, the odds are definitely not in your favor.More players pay money  to cheat than we expected.Please enjoy this peek behind the OppLoans curtain:When we decided to run this survey, a few OppLoans employees had an impromptu meeting about what questions we should include. During this conversation, we got on the topic of how much money people spend on their  fantasy football team in total. One employee, who shall remain nameless, mentioned that a common expenditure in her experience was paying other league members in order to trade for their good players.The rest of us were aghast. This was clearly cheating. Staring back at us with a cold, dead stare, she replied that there was absolutely nothing wrong with this practice, that she assumed everyone did it, and that she felt no remorse. We decided to include a question about paying other league members for trades in this survey in order to get to the bottom of the issue once and for all.Well, judging by our survey results, at least some of horrified coworkers were actually lying liars wearing pants that most definitely on fire. An incredibly worrying 25 percent of fantasy football players surveyed reported paying other league members in order to grease a trade for a superior player. That’s one of out every four participants!In case you were wondering, our nameless coworker was very pleased with these results. The office fantasy football pool this season should be very interesting.If you enjoyed this piece, check out these other original surveys from OppLoans:Summer Jobs: Teens and Young Adults are Working (and Saving!) More Than You ThinkHow Much Would it Cost to Travel to Every Star Wars Filming Location?How Much Parents Spend on Their Kids State by StateHow do  you spend on fantasy football? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Telemedicine Is Not A New Concept - 2090 Words

Telemedicine The term telemedicine is formally defined as â€Å"the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via electronic communications to improve a patient’s clinical health status† (ATA, 2012). In the 1900s, due to the invention of the telephone and various other avenues of communication, telemedicine medicine was introduced to the world. Throughout the years, varying degrees of advances in telemedicine have been acknowledged but telemedicine truly began receiving recognition in the seventies with the introduction of the personal computer (Ferrer-Roca and Sosa-Iudicissa, 2002). While telemedicine is not a new concept, is has begun to receive more and more recognition due to the advances in technology. As telemedicine†¦show more content†¦The biggest implication of telemedicine is that rural patients and hospitals can obtain better access to specialty care services. In turn, this could lead to earlier diagnoses and treatment which can contribute to improved outcomes and less costly treatment. Those individuals, who do not have access to care, are unable to leave their homes, or miss work to see their physicians, would be able to take advantage of telemedicine services. While Telemedicine is a broad category and can include various tools and indications, the methods in which Telemedicine is communicated between providers and patients has specific methods of application. The most popular methods of utilizing telemedicine are store-and-forward, remote monitoring and interactive services. These methods are explained in more detail below (Center for Connected Health Policy, 2014): †¢ Store-and-forward telemedicine involves transmitting medical data to a provider or medical specialist through a secure method of communication. Data most often sent through this method of transmission are X-rays, MRIs, photos, pathology reports, patient data, etc. This method of telemedicine more often than not uses an electronic format as the component to transfer patient information between providers. †¢ Remote monitoring enables medical professionals to monitor aShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The American Telemedicine Association1463 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The American Telemedicine Association defines in their web site Telemedicine as the use of electronic communications systems in the exchange of medical information from one site to another in an effort to improve a patient’s health status. 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RuralRead MoreThe Importance Of Health Care1429 Words   |  6 Pagesin need can be difficult for medical practitioners, especially if those patients reside across state boarders. Even more so, it is time consuming, tedious, and costly to obtain multiple state licenses. According to the New York Office of Professions, for a physician to obtain New York state licensure he/she must be a graduate from a registered or accredited medical program by the education department, completed clinical rotations in general hospital or suitable h ealth care facility, one year of post-graduateRead MoreA Brief Note On The Electronic Health Records1613 Words   |  7 PagesNursing is a very interesting field because of the fact that it never stays constant; new changes occur all time in the purpose of improving nursing care. Nursing is a hands-on type of occupation; however, as the year elapsed the nursing field also shares its growth and development in the technology area. These technologies range from the simplest to the most sophisticated ones. The (EHR) or Electric Health Records One of those technologies includes:† The (EHR) or electric health records which isRead MoreIndia s Impact On Healthcare Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pageshospitals and clinics, which provide quality healthcare. These centers are equipped with better doctors, availability of secondary and tertiary care. In such a situation, specialty care is a distant dream for rural India. Narayana Hrudayalaya This telemedicine system consists of medical software integrated with computer hardware (customized as per the needs of the organization) and the diagnostics instruments connected to the VSAT (very small aperture terminal) at each location. The ElectrocardiogramRead MoreImpact Of Technologies On The Economics Of Healthcare1195 Words   |  5 Pagesdisruptive technologies that are having a corresponding impact on the economics of health providers and the entire health care industry value chain. The two most disruptive technologies of all are cloud computing (Corredor, Martà ­nez, Familiar, 2011) and telemedicine administered remotely over the Internet (Johansson, Wild, 2010). Cloud computing is completely redefining the traditional financing and expensing approaches healthcare providers rely on for funding capital expense (CAPEX) projects. With cloud computingRead MoreTelemedicine Is The Most Newest Technology1658 Words   |  7 PagesTelemedicine is a new technology in which medic al information are being exchanged from one place to another through some electronic communications to develop patients the status of a patient health. Telemedicine is the most newest technology which join at the same time telecommunication and technology for the solution of medical [1]. It gives a new technique to deduce health care services when there are many miles between the hospital office or doctor and patient. Rural area will get the advantagesRead MoreA Brief Note On Health Informatics And Telemedicine1486 Words   |  6 Pagesinformatics and telemedicine are providing greater access to healthcare resources. Discuss the role of the Registered Nurse in improving access to healthcare in rural and remote areas. Health informatics and telemedicine are not new in the world of health profession. It has long been playing a major role in the delivery of health care to patients and consumers especially in rural and remote areas. Health Informatics is the appropriate and innovative application of the concepts and technologiesRead MoreThe Importance Of The Seattle Cancer Service Area887 Words   |  4 Pages Idaho (WAMI) region as they increase their research ideas into groundbreaking discoveries for cancer specialists and lifesaving realities for cancer patients. This will essentially improve the standards of, which care is being provided by through new techniques. The SCCA intends on providing care directly to the Seattle area by engaging in strategic partnerships with Northwest Hospital, Evergreen Hospital, and other hospitals in the Pacific Northwest region. They also serve as a national and internationalRead MoreOrganizational Program Design Project Design1466 Words   |  6 Pagesinherent d ifferences between goals. With the plan to implement a new telemedicine program to allow improved performance of basic healthcare service, inherent conflict exist among the staff as each of them have their different strategies to this common goal. Cognitive Conflict Is seen when the different ideas are not compactible - John Lafitte, a new graduate in the team (MHA degree) has new ideas from school and wants to try those new approaches which seem different from other people ideas Affective

Macbeth Tragic Flaw Essay - 1604 Words

William Shakespeare’s ‘Macbeth’, is ranked among the four great tragedies of the world, of ancient as well as of modern times. The concept of the tragedy is Elizabethan. These tragedies are basically tales of suffering that ultimately result in death. The protagonist in these tragedies is not only notably placed socially but is also conspicuous for his qualities of head and heart. In the tragedy, the society is largely affected by the fall of the supremacy of the central character. Like, in Macbeth, the decadence from a hero to a villain greatly affects the fate of the nation, i.e., Scotland. Of all the four tragedies of Shakespeare, Macbeth is the shortest and simplest. The extreme simplicity†¦show more content†¦Despite knowing the dreadful nature of the crime he was committing, Macbeth does not stop himself and goes on to make the nation a synonym of hell. The suffering of Macbeth was justifiable to his wickedness. Chapter 2 Summary of Macbeth The play commences with the scene of the trinity of witches and is then followed by King Duncan getting introduced to the news of Macbeth and Banquo’s victory over the two treacherous noblemen, Thane of Cawdor and Macdonworld. Macbeth is praised as ‘Valour’s minion’, ‘Bellona’s bridegroom’, and King Duncan has full faith in his loyalty. Macbeth and Banquo encounter– the trio of witches on their way back to the King’s landing and the witches address Macbeth as the Thane of Cawdor and also prophecy that he is soon to become the King of Scotland. They also forecast that Banquo would be the father of the King. The messengers of the king soon arrive and greet Macbeth with his new title, and hence proving the first prophecy to be true. That strikes a light of hope in Macbeth’s heart that perhaps he would soon become the King of Scotland as predicted by the witches. He informs his wife, Lady Macbeth about all thi s. They are embraced affectionately by the King and in the honor of Macbeth the King declares that he wouldShow MoreRelatedEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth - The Tragic Hero717 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth - The Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Every true Elizabethan Tragedy comes complete with a tragic hero.   The tragedy Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, has a perfect example of a tragic hero, otherwise known as Macbeth.   A tragic hero must be a man who is great and admirable in various ways.   He should be placed in society in such a way that everything he does affects all of the members of his society.   A tragic hero should at some point reach the top of Fortune’s Wheel, but land upRead MoreSimilarities Between Odysseus And Macbeth1357 Words   |  6 PagesEven though they are both heroes there are many differences between Homer’s Odysseus and Shakespeares Macbeth. Theses differences come from the fact that Odysseus is an epic hero, while Macbeth is a tragic hero. 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With the tragedy, heroes often respond with emotions such as pride, rage, lust, envy or grief. This essay will focus on the tragedy side of Greek theatre. Aristotle says that tragedy â€Å"is not the imitations of persons but of actions and of life.† (Butcher 1961). Here â€Å"imitationâ⠂¬  meaning ‘mimesis’-poet creating a image out of nothing, representing realityRead MoreWas Macbeth a Tragic Hero?1099 Words   |  5 Pages2013 The Epidemic Of a Tragic Hero Macbeth is a very tragic story. Three witches tell Macbeth that he will become the thane of Cawdor, the thane of glams and will also become the king. Macbeth overcomes and fails throughout this story to try and make these prophesies reality. Macbeth goes through many situations and faces many deaths as he thrives to become leader. A hero is a person who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements or noble qualities. 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These two plays both contain tragic heroes with Marcus Brutus from Julius Caesar, and Macbeth from Macbeth. A tragic hero is defined as a protagonist of high standing with heroic or potential heroic abilities who must oppose some external or internalRead MoreMacbeth was doomed by fate or by a flaw in his character.847 Words   |  3 PagesESSAY: In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, it is very controversial whether or not Macbeth was doomed by fate or by a flaw in his character. It could be argued that Macbeth was doomed both by fate and by a flaw in his character. On one hand, the role of the witches influence could be regarded as a major external force that exploited Macbeth s character flaws. However, on the other hand, Macbeth s ambitious nature and greed for power was the flaw in his character that ultimately led to

Motivation and Emotion Free Essays

Abstract Motivation has long been studied and explained by wide a variety of factors by nearly all psychologists beginning with Freud and Maslow, whose theories are still widely taught. Is motivation influenced by reward, or are there emotional factors at work that affect the outcome or existence of motivation? Do our emotions motivate us to do what is best for us as an individual, the species as a whole, or for someone else? The history of various emotional and motivational theories will be discussed and the idea that emotion is directly involved with the different types of motivation will be explored along with a sampling of research supporting this supposition. It is our hypothesis that certain emotional triggers affect motivation depending on the type of trigger and emotional state of the participant. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Emotion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Annotated Bibliography Bickhard, Mark H. (Date Unknown). â€Å"Motivation and Emotion: An interactive process model†. Lehigh University [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.lehigh.edu/~mhb0/motemotion.html. Mark Bickhard is a Henry R. Luce Professor of Cognitive Robotics and the Philosophy of Knowledge, Director at Lehigh University, Institute for Interactivist Studies and Editor, New Ideas in Psychology. His teaching and research experience is extensive. Mr. Bickhard has authored or co-authored four books and his achievements include recognition from many esteemed professional associations. He continues his work on psychology and philosophy with an emphasis on motivation. Changing Minds (2007). â€Å"Motivation†. Explanations. Changingminds.org [WWWdocument]. URL http://changingminds.org/explanations/motivation/motivation.htm. Changingminds.org asserts that they are â€Å"the largest site in the world on all aspects of how we change what others think, believe, feel and do.† The information on motivation theories is comprehensive and includes â€Å"source credibility†. The site will be used to outline an overview of current and historical theory regarding motivation. Mark Devon studied evolutionary theory at Harvard University. Through his studies in evolution he developed categories for the most common human emotions and asserts â€Å"You are always doing what is best for the species.† He explores how the various human emotions are related to this motivation. The â€Å"conception† type of emotion guides one’s behavior. Heffner Media Group (2004). â€Å"Motivation and Emotion†. Allpysch Online Chapter 7, [WWWdocument]. URL http://allpsych.com/psychology101/motivation/. Heffner Media Group, Inc. is a group of educators from a university who first brought education materials in technology and mental health online in the early years of the Internet. Specializing in media for educational settings, the group is currently working on several projects related to online education, including online training for mental health professionals in the form of continuing education. The Allpsych website focuses on topics relating to psychology and summarizes the findings of well-known professionals in the field. Isaacowitz, D.M. (2006). â€Å"Motivated Gaze: The view from the gazer†. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 68-72. [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.psychologicalscience.org/pdf/onlyhuman/motivated_gaze.pdf. Dr. Isaacowitz is in charge of the Emotion Lab at Brandeis University. He prepared this study with the theory that psychological properties influence the factors in gazing: â€Å"Optimists gaze less at negative, unpleasant images than do pessimists, and older individuals look away from negative faces and toward happy faces.† This is an important aspect of motivation in that optimists will avoid behaviors (lack of motivation) when faced with negative images. James, William (1884). â€Å"What is an Emotion?† Mind, 9, 188-205. Classics in the History of Psychology [WWWdocument]. URL http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/James/emotion.htm. Long before modern scientific method, William James attempted to explain the concept of emotion. His theory states â€Å"the bodily changes follow directly the PERCEPTION of the exciting fact, and that our feeling of the [p.190] same changes as they occur IS the emotion.† His exploratory hypothesis was the basis for much later research and important in its historical significance. Johnson, Kelly M. (1997). â€Å"Human Sexual Motivation†. California State University, Northridge. [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.csun.edu/~vcpsy00h/students/sexmotiv.htm. The author performed her research study at California State University with the intent to explore motivations that prompt sexual behavior. â€Å"As a factor involved in sexual motivation, it is not unusual to be associated with motivation and to simultaneously be associated with other variables that are themselves identified as related to sexual motivation and which may or may not belong to the same category. Thus, identifying categories and then placing the elements of sexual motivation into discrete categories is a difficult, if not impossible task. Rather than attempting to do so, the current author will identify the variables that have been linked to sexual motivation and identify, where possible, any mediating variables.† Maslow, A.H. (1943). â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation†. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396. Classics in the History of Psychology [WWWdocument]. URL http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm. Maslow was one of the first in his field to define motivation and his classic theory is still used today. Maslow’s positive theory of motivation is based on â€Å"basic needs†, including the need for self-actualization, whereby emotion plays a large factor. â€Å"A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately happy.† Brian Parkinson, contributing editor, is a professor at the University of Leicester, England. His contribution refers to â€Å"the psychology of emotion. The concept is introduced by cataloguing examples of emotions (love, anger, fear, and so on), by exploring the internal constitution of emotional reactions, and finally by contrasting emotion with cognition. Emotion is conceived as a syndrome of more or less integrated components usually including the following four factors: cognitive appraisals, bodily reactions, action tendencies, and expressive movements.† Sexual motivation is one of the many motivating factors influenced by emotion (pleasure). The author, Joanna Schaffhausen, earned a B.S. in psychology from Tufts University in 1996. She is currently a graduate student at Yale University, interested in the cellular mechanisms of learning and memory. Her article for Scientific Learning, an organization that collects psychological research findings, focuses on the aspect of reward as motivation and how emotional factors influence both learning and motivation. How to cite Motivation and Emotion, Essay examples

Motivation and Emotion Free Essays

Abstract Motivation has long been studied and explained by wide a variety of factors by nearly all psychologists beginning with Freud and Maslow, whose theories are still widely taught. Is motivation influenced by reward, or are there emotional factors at work that affect the outcome or existence of motivation? Do our emotions motivate us to do what is best for us as an individual, the species as a whole, or for someone else? The history of various emotional and motivational theories will be discussed and the idea that emotion is directly involved with the different types of motivation will be explored along with a sampling of research supporting this supposition. It is our hypothesis that certain emotional triggers affect motivation depending on the type of trigger and emotional state of the participant. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Emotion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Annotated Bibliography Bickhard, Mark H. (Date Unknown). â€Å"Motivation and Emotion: An interactive process model†. Lehigh University [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.lehigh.edu/~mhb0/motemotion.html. Mark Bickhard is a Henry R. Luce Professor of Cognitive Robotics and the Philosophy of Knowledge, Director at Lehigh University, Institute for Interactivist Studies and Editor, New Ideas in Psychology. His teaching and research experience is extensive. Mr. Bickhard has authored or co-authored four books and his achievements include recognition from many esteemed professional associations. He continues his work on psychology and philosophy with an emphasis on motivation. Changing Minds (2007). â€Å"Motivation†. Explanations. Changingminds.org [WWWdocument]. URL http://changingminds.org/explanations/motivation/motivation.htm. Changingminds.org asserts that they are â€Å"the largest site in the world on all aspects of how we change what others think, believe, feel and do.† The information on motivation theories is comprehensive and includes â€Å"source credibility†. The site will be used to outline an overview of current and historical theory regarding motivation. Mark Devon studied evolutionary theory at Harvard University. Through his studies in evolution he developed categories for the most common human emotions and asserts â€Å"You are always doing what is best for the species.† He explores how the various human emotions are related to this motivation. The â€Å"conception† type of emotion guides one’s behavior. Heffner Media Group (2004). â€Å"Motivation and Emotion†. Allpysch Online Chapter 7, [WWWdocument]. URL http://allpsych.com/psychology101/motivation/. Heffner Media Group, Inc. is a group of educators from a university who first brought education materials in technology and mental health online in the early years of the Internet. Specializing in media for educational settings, the group is currently working on several projects related to online education, including online training for mental health professionals in the form of continuing education. The Allpsych website focuses on topics relating to psychology and summarizes the findings of well-known professionals in the field. Isaacowitz, D.M. (2006). â€Å"Motivated Gaze: The view from the gazer†. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 68-72. [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.psychologicalscience.org/pdf/onlyhuman/motivated_gaze.pdf. Dr. Isaacowitz is in charge of the Emotion Lab at Brandeis University. He prepared this study with the theory that psychological properties influence the factors in gazing: â€Å"Optimists gaze less at negative, unpleasant images than do pessimists, and older individuals look away from negative faces and toward happy faces.† This is an important aspect of motivation in that optimists will avoid behaviors (lack of motivation) when faced with negative images. James, William (1884). â€Å"What is an Emotion?† Mind, 9, 188-205. Classics in the History of Psychology [WWWdocument]. URL http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/James/emotion.htm. Long before modern scientific method, William James attempted to explain the concept of emotion. His theory states â€Å"the bodily changes follow directly the PERCEPTION of the exciting fact, and that our feeling of the [p.190] same changes as they occur IS the emotion.† His exploratory hypothesis was the basis for much later research and important in its historical significance. Johnson, Kelly M. (1997). â€Å"Human Sexual Motivation†. California State University, Northridge. [WWWdocument]. URL http://www.csun.edu/~vcpsy00h/students/sexmotiv.htm. The author performed her research study at California State University with the intent to explore motivations that prompt sexual behavior. â€Å"As a factor involved in sexual motivation, it is not unusual to be associated with motivation and to simultaneously be associated with other variables that are themselves identified as related to sexual motivation and which may or may not belong to the same category. Thus, identifying categories and then placing the elements of sexual motivation into discrete categories is a difficult, if not impossible task. Rather than attempting to do so, the current author will identify the variables that have been linked to sexual motivation and identify, where possible, any mediating variables.† Maslow, A.H. (1943). â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation†. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396. Classics in the History of Psychology [WWWdocument]. URL http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm. Maslow was one of the first in his field to define motivation and his classic theory is still used today. Maslow’s positive theory of motivation is based on â€Å"basic needs†, including the need for self-actualization, whereby emotion plays a large factor. â€Å"A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately happy.† Brian Parkinson, contributing editor, is a professor at the University of Leicester, England. His contribution refers to â€Å"the psychology of emotion. The concept is introduced by cataloguing examples of emotions (love, anger, fear, and so on), by exploring the internal constitution of emotional reactions, and finally by contrasting emotion with cognition. Emotion is conceived as a syndrome of more or less integrated components usually including the following four factors: cognitive appraisals, bodily reactions, action tendencies, and expressive movements.† Sexual motivation is one of the many motivating factors influenced by emotion (pleasure). The author, Joanna Schaffhausen, earned a B.S. in psychology from Tufts University in 1996. She is currently a graduate student at Yale University, interested in the cellular mechanisms of learning and memory. Her article for Scientific Learning, an organization that collects psychological research findings, focuses on the aspect of reward as motivation and how emotional factors influence both learning and motivation. How to cite Motivation and Emotion, Essay examples